It is not possible to accurately predict which of these benign lesions will turn into SCC’s but thickening lesions and those which are tender to touch, are more concerning. There are a variety of treatment options for these pre-cancers, which can prevent them turning into invasive SCC’s. Invasive SCC’s can cause local tissue destruction (like BCC’s) but they can also metastasise.

Most SCCs are found on sun-exposed sites, particularly the face, lips, ears, hands, forearms and lower legs. They vary in size from a few millimetres to several centimetres in diameter.

The cause of skin cancer, like other forms of cancer, is not completely known. Excessive exposure to sunlight is the single most important factor associated with the development of skin cancers. Consequently, skin cancers most commonly develop on the face and the arms, the most sun-exposed parts of the body.

• Sun exposure – Sunburns, especially in childhood, have been linked closely with basal cell carinoma, whereas cumulative sun exposure over many years is associated with the development of squamous cell carcinoma. The role of sunlight exposure in melanoma is less clear.
• Genetics – Genetic predisposition for the occurrence of malignant melanoma is perhaps the most important risk factor. Individuals with fair hair (red or blonde), pale eyes (green or blue) and fair skin are at high risk of skin cancer.
• Other possible causes – Other possible causes of skin cancer include X-rays, trauma, viruses, infection, smoking and certain chemicals.