Who it's for

•  Everyone for cellular repair of sundamaged skin.
• Everyone for reduced symptoms of photoageing
• Patients with rosacea

Main Points

• Retinaldehyde is a form of Vitamin A, the crucial vitamin for skin repair. The serum contains 0.1% retinaldehyde.
• Vitamin A comes in many different forms. Typical forms found in topical preparations include L-retinol, retinoic acid, and retinyl palmitate. Collectively, these molecules are known as retinoids. The body must convert topically applied retinoids into retinoic acid before they can be recognised by the cellular receptors. When received by the cell, retinoic acid positively influences RNA transcription processes of the skin, leading over time to healthier cells and reduced visible signs of sun damage.
• When retinaldehyde is applied to the skin, it can undergo one of two conversions. It can be immediately converted to retinoic acid and uptaken into the cell, or it can be back-converted to retinol, and then into a storage form of Vitamin A. This ability to be converted into retinol and retinoic acid is thought to allow for a slow release of retinoic acid to the cells as they require it.
• One of the most important differences between retinaldehyde and other retinoids is its level of tolerance in patients. Where retinoic acid and retinol can cause inflammatory reactions such as erythema in a high percentage of patients, retinaldehyde has been shown to have up to 96% patient tolerance at effective doses. So retinaldehyde can be suitable for patients who have had unacceptable side effects from retinoid therapy in the past.
• Many studies have shed light on the retinaldehyde's ability to repair the skin correct the signs of sundamage. These abilities include the repair and protection of dermal connective tissues, such as elastin and collagen. Ex vivo studies of photoaging determined that retinaldehyde was able to restrict the amount of photodamage sustained by tissue samples subjected to UVA assault as well as induce repair of existing fibre structures. Other in vivo analyses have shown improvements in fine lines and texture, as well as improvements in epidermal thickness, through the use of topical retinaldehyde.
• As well as being important for cell repair, retinaldehyde may also have a role to play in one of the most stubborn skin conditions, rosacea. Studies have shown retinaldehyde can reduce levels of VEGF, or vasoendothelial growth factor, which is a factor implicated in proliferation of small blood vessels such as found in rosacea patients. Improvements in epidermal thickness also assist the condition.

PATIENT BENEFITS
•    Provides outstanding retinoid benefits with low irritancy profile.
•    Smooths and clarifies skin tone and texture.
•    Increases skin hydration.
•    Assists repair following UV exposure and sun damage.
•    Illuminates complexion and helps fade pigmentation.

NEED TO KNOW
•    Use RAL as a non-irritating alternative to RA, where patients are intolerant of RA therapy or are non-compliant due to side-effects
•    As with all retinoids, avoid use during pregnancy.
• This item can only be delivered to addresses in New Zealand. 

PRODUCT USAGE

Use nightly. Cleanse with Rationale Preparatory Cleanser.
Apply a few drops of Rationale Retinaldehyde Serum to face, neck, chest and backs of hands. Follow with Rationale Skin Refining Serum and Rationale Moisture+ or Enriched Hydration.



    INGREDIENTS
Water (S), Butylene Glycol (S), C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate (M), Phenoxyethanol (and) Methylparaben (and) Butylparaben (and) Propylparaben (and) Ethylparaben (P), Sodium Hyaluronate (M), Natto Gum (AO), Butylated Hydroxytolulene (AO), Retinaldehyde (A), PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil (M), Sodium Bisulfite (AO).

Codebreaker: S = Solvent, M = Moisturiser, P = Preservative,
AO = Anti-oxidant, A = Vitamin A.

RETINALDEHYDE
Vitamin A has been used in dermatology for many years in prescription and over-the-counter forms. It has the ability to repair signs of sun damage and premature ageing such as wrinkles, pigmentation and rough, dry skin. Most forms of vitamin A are irritating and can cause redness, peeling and sensitivity. Retinaldehyde is a non-irritating Vitamin A metabolite which displays all of the benefits of vitamin A therapy for the skin without causing undesirable side effects.

RECENT STUDIES
PHOTOAGEING
Clinical studies show significant reduction in the presentation of wrinkles and roughness using 0.05%+ retinaldehyde.  Other studies show the benefits of retinaldehyde to be analogous to that of retinoic acid but without the irritant effects. Clinical effects include epidermal thickening  and repair of UVA-induced collagen damage.

ACNE
•    In vitro modeling and in in vivo trials suggest retinaldehyde shows significant (~99%) anti-bacterial activity against P. acnes. , 
•    RAL reduces comedones in the mouse model by more than 50% 
•    33% less erythema and no burning/pruritus compared to ROL or RA.

ROSACEA
Cultured human cell model studies indicate that retinaldehyde is effective in decreasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenic factor implicated in angiogenesis-dependent skin disorders such as rosacea.

TOLERANCE
Retinaldehyde is shown  to be very well tolerated at .05% concentrations over extended (<3 years) time frames.